์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜ (Subject-Verb Agreement) - ์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜ ํ•„์ˆ˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•

๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…

์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜(Subject-Verb Agreement)๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋“  ๋งค๋…„ 1~2๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ์ œ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„, ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜์ด๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์˜ ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด ํŠนํžˆ ์ž์ฃผ ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ์ œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ“– ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ทœ์น™

1. ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ (๋™์‚ฌ์— -s/-es)

The student studies hard every day.
(๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ๋งค์ผ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.)

2. ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด → ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ (๋™์‚ฌ ์›ํ˜•)

 

 

 

 


์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ

 

โš ๏ธ ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ์ œ๋˜๋Š” ํฌ์ธํŠธ

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 1: a number of vs the number of

์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜ ๋‹จ๊ณจ ์ถœ์ œ ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • A number of + ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ + ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ (๋งŽ์€ ~)
  • The number of + ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ + ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ (~์˜ ์ˆ˜)
A number of students were absent. (๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.) โœ…
The number of students was fifty. (ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” 50๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.) โœ…

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 2: either A or B / neither A nor B

B์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ฃผ์–ด์— ์ผ์น˜)

Neither the teacher nor the students were ready. โœ…
Neither the students nor the teacher was ready. โœ…
Either you or he has to go. โœ…

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 3: ์ฃผ์–ด + ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ + ๋™์‚ฌ

์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง„์งœ ์ฃผ์–ด์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

The quality of the products is excellent. โœ…
(products๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ quality์— ์ผ์น˜ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ)

The students in the classroom are studying. โœ…
(classroom์ด ์•„๋‹Œ students์— ์ผ์น˜ → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ)

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 4: ๋ถ€๋ถ„/์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ํ‘œํ˜„

of ๋’ค์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Most of the water is clean. (๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜)
Most of the students are here. (๊ฐ€์‚ฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ → ๋ณต์ˆ˜)
Some of the money was stolen. (๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜)
Half of the cookies were eaten. (๊ฐ€์‚ฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ → ๋ณต์ˆ˜)

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 5: ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜

๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

The man who lives next door is kind. (man → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜)
The men who live next door are kind. (men → ๋ณต์ˆ˜)

๐Ÿ” ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 1

Each of the participants has received a certificate.
(์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์ธ์ฆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.)
→ Each๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ has

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 2

The news about the accidents was shocking.
(๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.)
→ news๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰, accidents์— ์†์ง€ ๋ง ๊ฒƒ

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 3

Not only the students but also the teacher was surprised.
(ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„ ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค.)
→ B(the teacher)์— ์ผ์น˜ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 4

What he wants is more books.
(๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ…์ด๋‹ค.)
→ What์ ˆ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 5

Two-thirds of the land was flooded.
(๊ทธ ๋•…์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๊ฐ€ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.)
→ land(๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ)์— ์ผ์น˜ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ

์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๊ตฌ ํ•จ์ •

 

โŒ ์˜ค๋‹ต ํ•จ์ • ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ

ํ•จ์ • 1: ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๊ตฌ ์‚ฝ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ์œ ๋„

โŒ The report on the financial markets have been released.
โœ… The report on the financial markets has been released.
→ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” report(๋‹จ์ˆ˜)์ด์ง€, markets๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•จ์ • 2: There ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ

โŒ There is many problems with this plan.
โœ… There are many problems with this plan.
→ There ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋’ค์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ(problems)๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ ์ฃผ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•จ์ • 3: ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ

The committee has decided. (์œ„์›ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค - ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋กœ)
The committee have different opinions. (์œ„์›๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค - ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›)
→ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ถœ์ œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•จ์ • 4: ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ/to๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ ์ฃผ์–ด

โœ… Swimming is good exercise. (๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰)
โœ… To err is human. (๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰)
→ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ, to๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰

๐Ÿ“ ์‹ค์ „ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ

๋ฌธ์ œ 1. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋ฒ•์ƒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€?

  • (a) The number of applicants are increasing.
  • (b) A number of applicants is waiting outside.
  • (c) The number of applicants has increased significantly.
  • (d) A number of applicant are waiting outside.

์ •๋‹ต: (c)
The number of → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ has. (a)๋Š” are๊ฐ€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ, (b)๋Š” A number of → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ ํ•„์š”, (d)๋Š” applicant๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•จ.

 

 

๋ฌธ์ œ 2. ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ฒƒ์€?
"Every one of the packages _____ delivered on time."

  • (a) were (b) was (c) have been (d) are

์ •๋‹ต: (b)
Every one → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ was

๋ฌธ์ œ 3. ๋ฐ‘์ค„ ์นœ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋ฒ•์ƒ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์€?
"The results of (A)the experiment, which (B)was conducted last month, (C)have been published in (D)a scientific journal."

 

์ •๋‹ต: (B)
which์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” the experiment(๋‹จ์ˆ˜)์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ was๋Š” ๋งž์•„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์€ results๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๊ณ  have been์ด ๋™์‚ฌ. ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ which์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ experiment์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ was๋Š” ์ •๋‹ต. → ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ์ œ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฌธ์ œ 4. ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ฒƒ์€?
"Neither the manager nor the employees _____ satisfied with the decision."

  • (a) is (b) was (c) were (d) has been

์ •๋‹ต: (c)
neither A nor B์—์„œ B(employees, ๋ณต์ˆ˜)์— ์ผ์น˜ → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ were

 

๋ฌธ์ œ 5. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋ฒ•์ƒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€?

  • (a) Mathematics are my favorite subject.
  • (b) The police has arrested the suspect.
  • (c) Each of the rooms have a balcony.
  • (d) Economics is a required course.

์ •๋‹ต: (d)
Economics(ํ•™๊ณผ๋ช…)์€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰. (a) Mathematics → is, (b) police → have, (c) Each → has

 

๋ฌธ์ œ 6. ๋นˆ์นธ์— ์•Œ๋งž์€ ๊ฒƒ์€?
"Half of the information _____ incorrect."

  • (a) were (b) are (c) was (d) have been

์ •๋‹ต: (c)
information(๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๋ช…์‚ฌ) → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ was


๐Ÿ’ก ์‹œํ—˜์žฅ ๊ฟ€ํŒ

๊ฟ€ํŒ 1: ์ฃผ์–ด ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์ „๋žต

๋ฐ‘์ค„์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ณ์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด, ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ(of, in, with, along with, together with, as well as)๋Š” ๊ด„ํ˜ธ๋กœ ๋ฌถ์–ด์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง„์งœ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

The price [of imported goods] has increased.
→ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์ œ๊ฑฐ → The price has increased. โœ…

 

๊ฟ€ํŒ 2: ๋นˆ์ถœ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ์™ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ

  • Every / Each / Either / Neither + ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ
  • -thing / -one / -body ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ
  • The number of → ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ

๊ฟ€ํŒ 3: ๋นˆ์ถœ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ์™ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ

  • A number of + ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ
  • Both A and B → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ
  • The + ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ (์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์˜๋ฏธ) → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ
  • people, police, cattle → ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ

๊ฟ€ํŒ 4: ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ 3์ดˆ ํ’€์ด๋ฒ•

  1. ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ‘์ค„ → ์ฃผ์–ด ์ฐพ๊ธฐ
  2. ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ๋ฌด์‹œ
  3. ์ฃผ์–ด์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜/๋ณต์ˆ˜ ํŒ๋ณ„
  4. ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ ํ™•์ธ

๊ฟ€ํŒ 5: along with, together with, as well as ํ•จ์ •

์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ์–ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

The president, along with his advisors, is attending the meeting. โœ…
(along with his advisors๋Š” ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด์ผ ๋ฟ, ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” The president)

๐Ÿ“Š ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์•ˆ๋‚ด

์ด ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋„์‹ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”:

  • svg1.png: ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ณต์‹ — A number of vs The number of
  • svg2.png: ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด ํ•จ์ • — ์ง„์งœ ์ฃผ์–ด์— ๋™์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜
  • svg3.png: ํŠน์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ๊ทœ์น™ — Every/Each, Both, Either

๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™๋งŒ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ๋“์ ์›์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ค์ „ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฒดํ™”์‹œํ‚ค์„ธ์š”!

 

 

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