๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•

๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…

๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜(Pronoun Agreement)๋ž€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” **์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ(antecedent)**์™€ ์ˆ˜(๋‹จ์ˆ˜/๋ณต์ˆ˜), ์„ฑ(๋‚จ์„ฑ/์—ฌ์„ฑ/์ค‘์„ฑ), **์ธ์นญ(1์ธ์นญ/2์ธ์นญ/3์ธ์นญ)**์—์„œ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งค๋…„ ์ถœ์ œ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถ€์ •๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ, ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ, ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€์˜ ์ผ์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹œํ—˜ ์ถœ์ œ ๋นˆ๋„: โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜… (๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์Œ)
๋‚œ์ด๋„: โ˜…โ˜…โ˜…โ˜†โ˜† (์ค‘๊ฐ„)


๐Ÿ“– ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ทœ์น™

1. ์ˆ˜ ์ผ์น˜ (Number Agreement)

๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜์— ์ผ์น˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“ท ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์ผ์น˜ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ํ‘œํ˜„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜-one-another-the-other.png

2. ์„ฑ ์ผ์น˜ (Gender Agreement)

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ๋‚จ์„ฑ: he / him / his / himself
  • ์—ฌ์„ฑ: she / her / her / herself
  • ์ค‘์„ฑ(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ): it / it / its / itself
  • ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋ถˆ๋ช…: they / them / their / themselves (ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์˜์–ด)

3. ์ธ์นญ ์ผ์น˜ (Person Agreement)

๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ธ์นญ์ด ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • โŒ When one studies hard, you can pass the exam.
  • โœ… When one studies hard, one can pass the exam.
  • โœ… When you study hard, you can pass the exam.

โš ๏ธ ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ์ œ๋˜๋Š” ํฌ์ธํŠธ

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 1: everyone, everybody, someone, anyone + ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

๋ถ€์ •๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ everyone, everybody, someone, anyone, no one, nobody ๋“ฑ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • โœ… Everyone should bring his or her own lunch.
  • โœ… Everyone should bring their own lunch. (ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ—ˆ์šฉ)
  • โŒ Everyone should bring our own lunch.

๐Ÿ’ก ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜ TIP: ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฏ€๋กœ everyone + his or her๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ถœ์ œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์—์„œ๋Š” their๋„ ์ •๋‹ต์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 2: ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€์˜ ์ผ์น˜

์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜, ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • The committee made its decision. (์œ„์›ํšŒ ์ „์ฒด = ๋‹จ์ˆ˜)
  • The committee expressed their different opinions. (์œ„์› ๊ฐ์ž = ๋ณต์ˆ˜)

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 3: each, every + ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

  • Each student must submit his or her report.
  • Every employee should check his or her schedule.

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 4: either A or B / neither A nor B

B์— ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜).

  • Neither the teacher nor the students brought their textbooks.
  • Neither the students nor the teacher brought his textbook.

ํฌ์ธํŠธ 5: those who / anyone who ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ

  • Those who want to join should raise their hands.
  • Anyone who wants to join should raise his or her hand.

๐Ÿ” ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 1: ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ˆ˜ ์ผ์น˜

The manager asked his assistant to reschedule the meeting.
(manager = ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ → his)

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 2: ๋ถ€์ •๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

Nobody in the class finished his or her assignment on time.
(nobody = ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ → his or her)

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 3: ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ

The researchers published their findings last month.
(researchers = ๋ณต์ˆ˜ → their)

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 4: either ~ or ~ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ

Either the CEO or the directors will present their proposal.
(B = directors = ๋ณต์ˆ˜ → their)

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 5: ๊ด€๊ณ„์ ˆ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

The woman who left her bag on the bus called the lost and found.
(woman = ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ → her)

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ 6: ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ

He blamed himself for the mistake.
(์ฃผ์–ด = he → himself)


โŒ ์˜ค๋‹ต ํ•จ์ • ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ

ํ•จ์ • 1: ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์™€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์™€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • โŒ The president of the two companies announced their resignation.
  • โœ… The president of the two companies announced his resignation.

→ ์ง„์งœ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” president(๋‹จ์ˆ˜)์ด์ง€ companies๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

ํ•จ์ • 2: one ~ the other ํ˜ผ๋™

  • โŒ I have two cats. One is black, and another is white.
  • โœ… I have two cats. One is black, and the other is white.

→ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” the other, ์…‹ ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” another

ํ•จ์ • 3: it vs itself

  • โŒ The cat is cleaning it.
  • โœ… The cat is cleaning itself.

→ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉด ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ!

ํ•จ์ • 4: they์˜ ์˜ค์šฉ

  • โŒ If a student is late, they will be marked absent. (์ „ํ†ต ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ค€)
  • โœ… If a student is late, he or she will be marked absent.

→ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์  ์ผ์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•จ์ • 5: ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜ผ๋™

  • โŒ Each of the girls brought her's laptop.
  • โœ… Each of the girls brought her laptop.

→ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ(her, his, its, their)์—๋Š” ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!


๐Ÿ“ ์‹ค์ „ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ

๋ฌธ์ œ 1

Every student must submit ______ homework by Friday.
(A) their (B) his or her (C) its (D) our

์ •๋‹ต: (B)
ํ•ด์„ค: every student๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ his or her๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ (B)๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ 2

Neither the manager nor the employees remembered to bring ______ ID cards.
(A) his (B) her (C) their (D) its

์ •๋‹ต: (C)
ํ•ด์„ค: neither A nor B ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” B(employees, ๋ณต์ˆ˜)์— ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ their๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ 3

The committee has reached ______ final decision.
(A) their (B) its (C) his (D) our

์ •๋‹ต: (B)
ํ•ด์„ค: committee๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ(has = ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ) ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ its๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ 4

Someone left ______ wallet on the desk.
(A) their (B) its (C) his or her (D) our

์ •๋‹ต: (C)
ํ•ด์„ค: someone์€ ๋ถ€์ •๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ his or her๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ 5

I have three books. One is a novel, ______ is a biography, and the third is a textbook.
(A) other (B) the other (C) another (D) others

์ •๋‹ต: (C)
ํ•ด์„ค: ์…‹ ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ '๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ๋Š” another๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ๋•Œ๋งŒ the other๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ 6

The children enjoyed ______ at the amusement park.
(A) them (B) themselves (C) their (D) theirs

์ •๋‹ต: (B)
ํ•ด์„ค: enjoy oneself(์ฆ๊ธฐ๋‹ค)๋Š” ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€์šฉ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ children(๋ณต์ˆ˜)์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ themselves๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ 7

Each of the employees was asked to evaluate ______ own performance.
(A) their (B) his or her (C) its (D) our

์ •๋‹ต: (B)
ํ•ด์„ค: each of + ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋ช…์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” each(๋‹จ์ˆ˜)์— ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ his or her๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ’ก ์‹œํ—˜์žฅ ๊ฟ€ํŒ

๊ฟ€ํŒ 1: ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ

๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๊ตฌ์— ์†์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ์ง„์งœ ์ฃผ์–ด/์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.

๊ฟ€ํŒ 2: ๋ถ€์ •๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜

everyone, someone, anyone, nobody, each, every → ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์ผ์น˜!

๊ฟ€ํŒ 3: either A or B → B์— ๋งž์ถ”๊ธฐ

neither A nor B / either A or B ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ B์— ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฟ€ํŒ 4: ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ฒดํฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ

  • ์ฃผ์–ด = ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด → ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ (He hurt himself.)
  • ๊ฐ•์กฐ ์šฉ๋ฒ• → ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ (I myself did it.)
  • ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„ → ์ธ์นญ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ (She sat beside him.)

๊ฟ€ํŒ 5: one, another, the other ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋ฒ•

(์œ„ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜-one-another-the-other.png ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ one / another / the other ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.)

๊ฟ€ํŒ 6: ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์— 's ์—†์Œ

its (โ—‹) / it's (= it is) → ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ํ˜ผ๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํ•จ์ •!


๐Ÿ“Š ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์•ˆ๋‚ด

์ด ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋„์‹ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”:

  • ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์ฒด์ธ-์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ.png: ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜ ์ฒด์ธ — ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์™€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ
  • ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-it-vs-one-vs-that-๊ตฌ๋ถ„.png: it vs one vs that ๊ตฌ๋ถ„
  • ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ-์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์‚ฌ์šฉvs์˜ค๋ฅ˜.png: ์žฌ๊ท€๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ — ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ vs ์˜ค๋ฅ˜
  • ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜-one-another-the-other.png: ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์ผ์น˜ & one/another/the other ๊ตฌ๋ถ„
  • ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์ถœ์ œ์œ ํ˜•-๋นˆ์ถœ๋„-์ด์ •๋ฆฌ.png: ์ถœ์ œ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ๋นˆ์ถœ๋„ ์ด์ •๋ฆฌ

๐Ÿ“Š ์ถœ์ œ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ์ •๋ฆฌ

๐Ÿ“ท ์ถœ์ œ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ๋นˆ์ถœ๋„ ์ด์ •๋ฆฌ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ์น˜-์ถœ์ œ์œ ํ˜•-๋นˆ์ถœ๋„-์ด์ •๋ฆฌ.png

๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ: ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ์ˆ˜/์„ฑ/์ธ์นญ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‰์†Œ์— ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์ ‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ , ์‹œํ—˜์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด์„ธ์š”!

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JIT — AI ์ธํ„ฐ๋ž™ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ํ•™์Šต ํ”Œ๋žซํผ

์ฝ”๋”ฉ, ์–ดํ•™, ํ•œ๊ตญ์‚ฌ, ํˆฌ์ž, ์ˆ˜ํ•™๊นŒ์ง€ — ์ธํ„ฐ๋ž™ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ํ€ด์ฆˆ์™€ AI ํŠœํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ํ•™์Šต ํ”Œ๋žซํผ

www.jit.camp